Floruit (fl.)
Many entries include the abbreviation fl. as in "Arthur Williams (fl.1456-1485)." Derived from the Latin verb floreo, meaning "to bloom or flower," this term is more commonly undertsood to mean "when a person flourishes" or came to be in prominence.
","Founded in 1788, New South Wales (NSW) was the first penal colony for England. British explorer, Captain James Cook, first discovered the east coast of Australia while attempting to examine the planet Venus in order to determine the distance from the Earth to the Sun in 1770, he first named it New Wales, then later New South Wales.","Landlocked in the West Midlands, Staffordshire (Staffs.) is bordered by Cheshire, Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Warwickshire, and West Midlands County (est. 1974) as well as Worcestershire and Shropshire. The historic county now covers what is known as West Midlands. Historically the boundaries of Staffordshire included what is now known as West Midland County, then in 1888 the towns of Tamworth (partly Warwickshire) and Burton upon Trent (partly in Derbyshire) became united with Staffordshire. Changes came about again in 1911, 1928, and 1907 with the largest change in 1926 and a reorganization in 1966. The Local Government Act 1972 see more boroughs become part of the new West Midlands County.","From its founding until the last prison ship set sail in 1868, Van Diemen's Land was the primary penal colony in Australia and over 75,000 convicts were transported there.","The First Fleet departed from Portsmouth, on the south coast of England, on May 13, 1787 and sailed for around 250 days. The fleet was comprised of eleven ships - six prison ships, three equipment ships, and two navy ships, Sirius and Supply. After an extremely long journey, the First Fleet finally arrived at Botany Bay, located in Sydney, New South Wales, between January 18 and 20, 1788.","Ellis Island is located about one mile southwest of Manhattan in Upper New York Bay, United States. From 1892 to 1943, it was the main immigration station for the United States of America. For many thousands of immigrants traveling en route to Ellis Island, the towering Statue of Liberty provided the first glimpse of their new home.","Known as the birth place of William Shakespeare in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire is located in the West Midlands region. Bordered by Staffordshire, Leicestershire, Worchestershire, Northamptonshire and West Midlands as well as Gloucestershire and Oxfordshire. It originally included more areas including Coventry, Solihull, Sutton Coldfield and some of Birmingham until these became part of the County of West Midlands in 1974. Other boundary changes occurred in 1844, 1888, 1891, 1909, 1911, 1928, and 1931. Tourism is a key part of the economy with castles and estates, country parks and the theater district in Stratford-upon-Avon including the Royal Shakespeare Theater. ","Dutch navigator Willem Jansz aboard the Duyfken was the first European to land in waht is now known as Australia in 1606. He charted much of the Gulf of Carpentaria, located on the northern coast of Australia. In 1616, another Dutch captain, Dirk Hartog, landed on the west coast of Australia near Shark Bay.","Planter is an English term for people who were "planted" abroad in order to promote a political, religious cause or for colonization purposes. The term was very popular in England during the early 17th century.","Wales, or Cymru a region of rugged mountains, Moors and forests, is noted for its large coal deposits. Its people are known for their strong Celtic heritage and renowned choral groups. This region was originally populated by an Iberian people, who were overrun by the Celts in the 6th century BC.","Sussex is located in the South East of England it was formerly an independent medieval Anglo-Saxon kingdom. It is bordered by Hampshire, Surrey and Kent as well as having a large coast line in the English Channel.","In the South East of England, Surrey borders with Kent, East Sussex, West Sussex, Hampshire and Berkshire as well as Greater London. Surrey has the highest land area of woodland of all the counties in England, four horse race courses and multiply golf courses. The area of Surrey changed through history with Southwark (Roman Settlement) moving into Greater London, as well as Newington. Many castles and Estates were built, through the 14th Century these were built more for prestige than military importance.","In America, those who took up arms for the Crown and fought for a United Empire longed to see the English people united under a common flag and sovereign. These largely forgotten U. E. Loyalists (United Empire Loyalists) who resolved not to live under any flag but the British flag were often driven out of the United States.","In the West Midlands region, the area that is now Worcestershire borders Herefordshire, Shropshire, Staffordshire, West Midlands, Warwickshire and Gloucestershire. It was abolished in the Kingdom of England in 927, over the following centuries the borders have been modified. By 1998 it was once again reconstituted with parts to the north being ceded to the West Midlands. The current area of Worcestershire was populated at least 700,000 years ago, with evidence of settlements in the Bronze Age, Worcestershire has a history of disputes and skirmishes. 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